Hey there! Let’s Talk Blood Pressure
Blood pressure is one of those things we all hear about, especially at checkups, but not everyone truly understands what the numbers mean. Whether you’re taking readings at home, using a pharmacy machine, or checking in at your GP’s, knowing what those two numbers mean can help you spot problems early and take better care of your heart.
So, What Is Blood Pressure Exactly?
Your blood pressure tells you how hard your blood is pushing against the walls of your arteries as your heart pumps it around your body. It’s measured in millimetres of mercury (mmHg) and comes with two numbers:
- Systolic pressure (top number): the pressure when your heart contracts
- Diastolic pressure (bottom number): the pressure when your heart relaxes between beats
A healthy reading looks like this: 120/80 mmHg.
What Do the Numbers Mean?
Different countries may label the ranges slightly differently, but most global health organisations follow similar patterns:
| Category | Systolic (mmHg) | Diastolic (mmHg) |
| Optimal | Below 120 | Below 80 |
| Normal | 120–129 | 80–84 |
| High-Normal | 130–139 | 85–89 |
| Stage 1 Hypertension | 140–159 | 90–99 |
| Stage 2 Hypertension | 160+ | 100+ |
| Hypertensive Crisis | 180+ | 120+ |
These categories are consistent with guidelines from the World Health Organization (WHO), NHS, and American Heart Association (AHA).
Why Both Numbers Matter
It’s easy to focus just on the top number, but both matter!
- A high systolic number (top) means your heart is working too hard when it pumps. This can raise your risk of stroke or heart attack.
- A high diastolic number (bottom) often signals that your blood vessels are under constant pressure, even when the heart rests.
Both are key indicators of cardiovascular strain.
Not All High Readings Mean Hypertension
Some people get nervous in clinics — that’s called white coat syndrome. It can raise your blood pressure temporarily. Here’s how to find out if it’s the real deal:
- Use a reliable home monitor
- Check at the same time each day, sitting calmly
- Keep a log for a week and share with your doctor
If your numbers are high only in clinics but normal at home, it may not be true hypertension — but it’s worth monitoring.
When to Be Concerned
You should speak to a doctor if:
- Your systolic is regularly over 140 mmHg
- Your diastolic stays above 90 mmHg
- You notice signs like chest pain, blurred vision, or frequent headaches
- You’re pregnant with elevated readings (this could signal preeclampsia)
Even borderline-high numbers are worth watching — the earlier you act, the better the outcome.
Lifestyle Habits That Influence Blood Pressure
Good news? Many factors are within your control:
- 🌱 Eat less salt – aim for under 5g per day (WHO recommendation)
- 🧘♀️ Manage stress – deep breathing, yoga, or just regular downtime
- 🏃 Stay active – walking 30 minutes a day makes a big difference
- 🛌 Sleep well – 7–8 hours supports heart health
- 🍻 Limit alcohol & caffeine – moderation is key
- ⚖️ Maintain a healthy weight – even small changes matter
A Quick Word on Age and Blood Pressure
Blood pressure naturally tends to rise as we age because arteries stiffen over time. Older adults may have slightly higher systolic numbers, but very high readings are still risky. For younger adults and teens, elevated readings should always be checked out.
Final Thoughts
Knowing your numbers isn’t just for the doctor’s office. It’s a simple, powerful tool for protecting your heart, brain, and kidneys. Keep track, take action early, and talk to your healthcare provider if anything looks off.
If you’re into practical tips for managing your health — check out our other articles and subscribe to The Healthizans YouTube channel.
Stay informed. Live well. Together.
References
- World Health Organization. (2023). Hypertension. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hypertension
- NHS UK. (2022). Understanding blood pressure readings. https://www.nhs.uk
- American Heart Association. (2023). Blood pressure chart. https://www.heart.org
- Mayo Clinic. (2022). High blood pressure (hypertension). https://www.mayoclinic.org
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